1999 Impreza L Shifter Assembly: A Comprehensive Guide

The 1999 Subaru Impreza L is a beloved compact car known for its reliability, all-wheel-drive capabilities, and sporty performance. One critical component of this vehicle is the shifter assembly, which plays a crucial role in controlling the transmission and ensuring smooth gear transitions. Whether you’re an automotive enthusiast looking to maintain or restore your 1999 Impreza L or a DIYer needing guidance, understanding the shifter assembly’s function, components, and replacement process is essential.

In this blog, we will explore the 1999 Impreza L shifter assembly in detail, covering everything from its function, common issues, and how to replace it if necessary. We will also offer tips on maintaining the shifter assembly to extend its life and keep your Impreza running smoothly.

What is the Shifter Assembly?

The shifter assembly in a vehicle is responsible for allowing the driver to manually select gears in a manual transmission or engage the desired mode (such as Drive, Neutral, Reverse, etc.) in an automatic transmission. In the 1999 Subaru Impreza L, which was offered with both manual and automatic transmissions, the shifter assembly consists of various components that work together to ensure smooth shifting and proper transmission control.

Components of a Shifter Assembly

The shifter assembly in a manual transmission typically includes the following parts:

• Shift lever: The actual lever that the driver uses to select gears.
• Shift linkage: Connects the shift lever to the transmission, translating the driver’s input into the proper gear selection.
• Shift bushings: Rubber or polyurethane bushings that cushion the shift linkage and help absorb vibrations.
• Shift boot: The covering that surrounds the base of the shifter, keeping dirt and debris out of the assembly.
• Shift knob: The top of the shift lever where the driver places their hand. It can be customized for comfort or aesthetic purposes.

In an automatic transmission, the shifter assembly may also include:

• Shift lock solenoid: Ensures the vehicle cannot be shifted out of park unless the brake is pressed.
• Shift cables: Transfer the motion of the shifter to the transmission, selecting the appropriate gear.
• Detent springs: Provide resistance when moving the shifter between gears, ensuring the driver makes intentional shifts.

Common Problems with the 1999 Impreza L Shifter Assembly

Over time, the shifter assembly on any vehicle can develop issues due to wear and tear, and the 1999 Impreza L is no exception. Below are some common problems that can occur with the shifter assembly and what might cause them.

1. Loose or Sloppy Shifter

One of the most common complaints with older manual transmission Imprezas is a loose or sloppy shifter. This usually occurs when the shift bushings wear out over time. As the bushings deteriorate, the shift linkage becomes less precise, leading to a more vague or loose feel when shifting gears.

Solution:

• Replacing the shift bushings is usually the best solution to this problem. High-quality polyurethane bushings can improve the shift feel and restore the precision of the shifter.

2. Difficulty Shifting Gears

If you’re having difficulty shifting into gears, particularly in a manual transmission, it could be a sign of a worn-out shift linkage or misaligned shift cables (in automatic models). These issues can make it hard to engage gears, leading to grinding or forcing the shifter into position.

Solution:

• Inspect the shift linkage and shift cables for wear or misalignment. Adjust or replace these components as necessary to restore smooth gear transitions.

3. Stuck Shifter in Automatic Transmission

In the automatic transmission version of the 1999 Impreza L, the shifter can sometimes get stuck in park or fail to move out of other gears. This is often caused by a malfunctioning shift lock solenoid or a faulty brake switch, which prevents the shifter from disengaging unless the brake pedal is pressed.

Solution:

• Check the shift lock solenoid and brake switch for faults. Replacing the defective part should restore the shifter’s functionality.

4. Shift Boot or Knob Wear

The shift boot and shift knob are prone to wear over time, especially in manual transmission vehicles. A torn shift boot can allow dirt and debris to enter the shifter assembly, while a worn shift knob may affect the comfort and grip while driving.

Solution:

• Replace the shift boot and shift knob with OEM parts or aftermarket options designed to fit the 1999 Impreza L.

How to Replace the Shifter Assembly in a 1999 Impreza L

If your shifter assembly is worn out or malfunctioning, you may need to replace it. While this is a more advanced DIY task, it can be accomplished with the right tools and knowledge. Here’s a step-by-step guide to replacing the shifter assembly on a manual transmission 1999 Subaru Impreza L.

Tools and Materials Needed

• Jack and jack stands
• Socket set and wrenches
• Screwdrivers
• Pliers
• Replacement shift bushings (for worn bushings)
• Replacement shift linkage (if necessary)
• Shift knob (optional)
• Shift boot (optional)
• Grease or lubricant

Step 1: Lift the Vehicle

Start by lifting the vehicle securely using a jack and placing it on jack stands. Ensure the vehicle is stable before proceeding to work underneath it.

Step 2: Remove the Center Console

Inside the vehicle, remove the center console to access the shifter assembly. Use a screwdriver to remove the screws that hold the console in place. Gently lift the console, disconnect any electrical connections (such as for the cigarette lighter or power windows), and set the console aside.

Step 3: Disconnect the Shift Linkage

Locate the shift linkage that connects the shift lever to the transmission. Under the vehicle, use a socket wrench to loosen and remove the bolts that secure the shift linkage to the transmission. If the shift linkage is worn or damaged, now is the time to replace it with a new one.

Step 4: Replace Shift Bushings

Inspect the shift bushings located at the ends of the shift linkage. If they are worn, remove the old bushings using pliers or a wrench. Install new polyurethane bushings, which provide better durability and a more precise shifting feel than stock rubber bushings.

Step 5: Reassemble the Shifter Assembly

With the new bushings and linkage in place, reattach the shift linkage to the transmission, making sure all bolts are tightened securely. Apply a small amount of grease or lubricant to the bushings and linkage for smooth operation.

Step 6: Install the New Shift Boot and Knob

If your shift boot or shift knob is worn, now is a good time to replace them. Slide the new shift boot over the shift lever and secure it in place. Install the new shift knob by screwing it onto the top of the lever.

Step 7: Reinstall the Center Console

Reconnect any electrical components you disconnected earlier, then lower the center console back into place. Secure it with the screws you removed in Step 2.

Step 8: Test the Shifter

Before lowering the vehicle from the jack stands, sit inside and test the shifter. Move it through all gears to ensure that it engages smoothly and that the new bushings and linkage are working correctly.

Step 9: Lower the Vehicle

Once you’re satisfied with the operation of the shifter, lower the vehicle from the jack stands and perform a road test to ensure that the transmission shifts smoothly while driving.

Maintaining the Shifter Assembly

To extend the life of your 1999 Impreza L’s shifter assembly, regular maintenance is crucial:

• Check the shift bushings periodically for signs of wear and replace them when necessary.
• Keep the shifter clean by regularly wiping down the shift lever and surrounding area to prevent dirt and debris from entering the assembly.
• Lubricate the shift linkage during routine maintenance to prevent stiffness and wear.

Conclusion

The shifter assembly in the 1999 Subaru Impreza L is a vital component that ensures smooth and precise gear changes. Whether you’re experiencing a loose shifter, difficulty shifting, or simply want to upgrade your shift knob and boot, understanding how the shifter assembly works and how to maintain it is essential for keeping your Impreza performing at its best. By following this guide, you can address common shifter issues and replace components as needed, ensuring your vehicle continues to provide a reliable and enjoyable driving experience.